One (of several) key aspects of GEMIO's technology is the fundamentally novel approach to simultaneously consider time-dependent 3D electromagnetic field solutions and 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) field solutions within a given domain. The name GEMIO is actually an abbreviation for Gas- and ElectroMagnetic Ion Optics.

This method enables the design of ion sources for biomolecules with spatially and temporally "controlled superposition of electric and gas flow fields" or "electro-pneumatic superposition".

Such configurations belong to a new class of electro-pneumatic ion optical devices in which so called electro-pneumatic elements (EPEs) act as electrodes AND as aerodynamic structures and in which collision frequencies, momentum transfer, and energy transfer between gas molecules and ions vary spatially in a controlled fashion.

The ion dynamics resulting from the superposition of non-trivial electric and pneumatic vector fields can no longer be measured, imagined, or analytically calculated. Advanced numerical simulations are the only way to understand and design realistic 3D electro-pneumatic configurations. Devices based on this principle provide unprecedented control over the dynamics and temperatures of ion ensembles which is of critical importance for highly sensitive ion sources for biological macromolecules.

Ultimately, advanced ion sources for biomolecules are one of the most important technical components to enable reliable biomarker discovery with sufficient sensitivity and specificity leading to early stage molecular detection of diseases such as cancer.


On the origin of the ionization method(s) see also:
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2002/tanaka-lecture.html
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2002/fenn-lecture.html


Some aspects of the technology utilized by GEMIO Technologies, Inc. have been described in these publications and presentations:

[1]    A. Hieke: "Predicting Charged Particle Trajectories",
        ANSYS Advantage Magazine, Volume II, Issue 2, 2008, pp. 31-33
        ansys-advantage/02-electromagnetics.pdf
 

[2]    A. Hieke: "Advanced ion sources for biomolecules",
        Presentation at the TechConnect Summit during the NSTI
        Nanotechnology Conference & Trade Show
        Santa Clara, California, May 20-24, 2007    
        http://www.techconnect.org/Summit2007/program/showabstract.html?absno=11086
        http://www.nsti.org/Nanotech2007

[3]    Andreas Hieke: "From Science to Profit"
        The NanoBusiness Alliance Conference
        May 17-19, 2006, New York, NY

[4]    Andreas Hieke: Corporate Presentation
        at NSTI Nanotech Ventures Program
        2006 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference & Trade Show
        May 8-9, 2006, Boston, MA    
        www.nsti.org/Nanotech2006/Development/ventures.html#TU53.1
        www.nsti.org/Nanotech2006/showabstract.html?absno=21070

[5]    Andreas Hieke: "From Physics to Medicine (via nano !?)"
        at
        "Challenges Facing Early-Stage Nanotech Start-ups in 2006"
        January 10th, 2006; Menlo Park, CA
        http://www.nanoscienceexchange.org/invite11006.html
 
[6]    Andreas Hieke: "Simulations of ion population dynamics in ion
        sources for  biological macromolecules"
        13th Foresight Conference on Advanced Nanotechnology
        Oct. 22-27, 2005; San Francisco,CA
        http://www.foresight.org/conference2005/program.html
 
[7]    A. Hieke, S. R. Weinberger: "Ion Cooling and Transmission
        Performance of an Advanced MALDI-Ion  Source based on
        3D Electric-Pneumatic Ion Dynamics Simulations"
        The 32nd FACSS and 51st ICASS Meeting
        (Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies)
        October 9 - 13, 2005; Quebec City, Canada

[8]    A. Hieke: "Monte Carlo Ion Dynamics Simulations - Implementational
        Challenges and Results", 2005 Western Region ANSYS Technical
        Conference Sept. 15-16, 2005; Santa Clara, CA 
       
 [9]  A. Hieke, S. R.Weinberger: "An Advanced Laser Desorption
        Ionization Ion Source with Controlled  Superposition of  Electric
        and Pneumatic Fields"
        53rd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics
        June 5 - 9 2005, San Antonio, TX
        full paper


[10]    A. Hieke: "Ion Sources for Biomolecules with controlled           
        Superposition of  Electric and Pneumatic Fields"
        2005 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show
        May 8-12, 2005, Anaheim, CA
        http://www.nsti.org/Nanotech2005/showabstract.html?absno=1056.00
        full paper

[11]    A. Hieke: "Ion Dynamics in Electro-Pneumatic Fields - a Key to
        Modern Biotechnology", Ansys Solutions Magazine, Spring 2005,       
        pp.13-17
        http://www.ansys.com/assets/testimonials/ion-dynamics.pdf
 
[12]  A. Hieke: "Electro-Pneumatic Ion Optics - Simulations and   
        Preliminary Experiments", 22nd CAD-FEM Users´ Meeting &
        International Congress on FEM-Technology,
        November 10-12, 2004, Dresden, Germany        
 
[13]   A. Hieke: "Simulations of ion population dynamics dominated by
        discrete collision events in rarified gases in the presence of
        electromagnetic fields", International Conference on Transport
        Phenomena in Micro and Nanodevices
        Oct. 17-21 2004, Kona Coast,  Hawaii
        http://www.engconfintl.org/pastconf/4atpre.pdf
 
[14]    A. Hieke: "3D electro-pneumatic Monte Carlo simulations of ion
        trajectories  and temperatures during RF quadrupole injection in
        the presence of gas flow fields"
        52nd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics
        May 23 - 27 2004 Nashville, TN
        full paper


[15]  A. Hieke: "Development of an Advanced Simulation System for the
        Analysis of Particle Dynamics in LASER based Protein Ion Sources",
        2004 Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show Nanotech 2004
        March 7-11, 2004 Boston, MA
        http://www.nsti.org/procs/Nanotech2004v1/5/W21.05
        full paper
 
[16]  A. Hieke: "Theoretical and Implementational Aspects of an
        Advanced 3D Gas and  Electromagnetic Ion Optical Simulator
        Interfacing with ANSYS Multiphysics"
        21st CAD-FEM Users´ Meeting & International Congress On           
        FEM-Technology, Nov. 12-14  2003, Potsdam, Germany
     
[17]  A. Hieke: "GEMIOS - a 64-Bit multi-physics Gas and Electromagnetic
        Ion Optical Simulator", 51st ASMS Conference on Mass
        Spectrometry and Allied Topics, June 8 - 12 2003, Montreal, Canada





Some older papers on computational problems:

        Proving that a FDTD solver provides the correct solution
        in space and time:


        A. Hieke and R. Tramel: "Large Scale FDTD Simulation for Microoptics
        and Metamaterial Investigations - Current Possibilities and
        Verification Benchmarks",
        2002 Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show, Nanotech 2002,
        April 22-25, 2002, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
        http://www.nsti.org/procs/MSM2002/7/M42.06
        full paper
 


        Computing electric capacitance between multiple
        3D objects:


        A. Hieke: "Simple APDL Implementation of a 3D FEM Simulator
        for Mutual Capacitances of Arbitrarily Shaped Objects
        Like Interconnects"
        International Conference on Modeling and Simulation
        of Microsystems, Semiconductors,Sensors and Actuators
        MSM'99, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA, Apr.1999, pp.172-175
        http://www.nsti.org/procs/MSM2002/7/M42.06
        full paper
 


        A. Hieke: "APDL Implementation of a 3D FEM Simulator for
        Mutual Capacitances of Arbitrarily Shaped Interconnects"
        Journal of Modeling and Simulation of Microsystems,
        JMSM, Vol. 1 No 2, 1999, pp. 94-104
        full paper